May 最常用來表示可能性。雖然它亦可用來表示許可或請求許可,但這種用法越來越少見。
例句:
- Kevin may be in the library, or perhaps at the dormitory. (凱文可能在圖書館,也有可能在寢室) - 可能性
- Sandy may stay with her classmate tonight. (珊蒂今晚可以住在她同學家裡) - 許可
- May I use your computer? (我可以用你的電腦嗎?) - 請求許可
May 的現在、過去和未來時態用法
大多數語氣助動詞的過去和未來時態都相當不規則。下表為 may 在不同上下文中的用法說明。
May 的用法 | 肯定句 | 你也可以用 |
可能性 | 現在:He may be a doctor. (他可能是個醫生) 過去:He may have been a doctor. (他以前可能是個醫生) 未來:Michael may become a doctor if he can graduate from the medical school successfully. (如果麥可能順利從醫學院畢業,他可能成為醫生) | might |
許可 | 現在:You may watch TV now that you've finished your homework. (既然你已做完家庭作業,現在可以看電視了) 過去:May 變成 be allowed to You were allowed to watch TV after you finished your homework. (你可以在做完家庭作業後看電視) 未來:You may watch TV when you finish your homework. (你做完家庭作業後可以看電視) | can |
請求許可 | May I open the window? (我可以打開窗戶嗎?) May I borrow your bicycle? (我可以借你的腳踏車嗎?) 請求通常指不久的將來。 | can, might |
May 的用法 | 否定句 | 你也可以用 |
可能性 | 現在:He may not be a doctor. (他可能不是醫生) 過去:He may not have been a doctor. (他以前可能不是個醫生) 未來:Michael may not become a doctor if he cannot graduate from the medical school successfully. (如果麥可不能順利從醫學院畢業,他可能不能成為醫生) | might |
許可 | 現在:You may not watch TV. You haven't finished your homework yet. (你不可以看電視。你還未做完家庭作業) 過去:May 變成 be allowed to You were not allowed to watch TV because you hadn't finished your homework. (你不可以看電視,因為你沒有做完家庭作業) 未來:You may not watch TV until you finish your homework. (在你做完家庭作業之前不可以看電視) | can |
請求許可 | 沒有否定式。 | can, might |