Attempt 和 try 都意為「嘗試;試圖」,但兩者的用法不盡相同。譬如說,在 I’ll try and find my lost pet dog. (我會設法找到我走失的寵狗) 這句中,try 不可用 attempt 來代替,因為 try and (= try to) 為固定用語。
Attempt 意為「企圖;試圖;嘗試」,為較正式之用字,指「做一番努力」、「努力設法」,後面可接不定詞和動名詞,但意思不同,前者意為「嘗試;試圖」,後者意為「試著;試一試」,如 John attempted to finish his creation before December. (約翰試圖在十二月之前完成他的創作);Her father attempted suicide by burning charcoal last night. (她父親昨晚企圖燒炭自殺);Several prisoners attempted to escape but failed. (數名囚犯企圖脫逃,但未成功)。
Try 意為「嘗試;試圖」,為一般常用字,後面同樣可接不定詞和動名詞,但意思不同,前者意為「嘗試;試圖」,後者意為「試著;試一試」,如 I have been trying very hard to improve the students’ grammar. (我一直很努力地在設法改善學生的文法);Emma tried and tried and finally she got a well-paid job. (艾瑪不斷嘗試,終於找到一份高薪工作);It’s trying to rain/snow. (看樣子要下雨/下雪了)。
由於 attempt 和 try 接不定詞和動名詞時意思並不相同,因此瞭解它們之間意義上的差異,對於正確使用這兩個動詞至關重要。
- Sam tried to open the window. (山姆試圖把窗戶打開)。(但打不開)
- Sam tried opening the window. (山姆試著把窗戶打開) (看看外面是怎麼回事)。(窗戶打開了)
- The sheep attempted to jump over the wall. (這綿羊試圖跳過牆)。(但沒跳過)
- The sheep attempted jumping over the wall. (這綿羊試著跳過牆 (看看牆的另一邊是否有草可吃)。(牆跳過了)
必須注意的是,在口語中,try to 往往以 try and 來替換;然而,在否定句中,用 try to 會比用 try and 來得好。此外,當 try 有數、時態等的變化時,亦即 try 變成 tries, tried, trying 時,一般都用 try to 而不用 try and。
- You can try and (= try to) love her. (你可以試著愛她)
- My daughter is trying to (不能用 trying and) strengthen her English abilities. (我女兒正設法加強她的英文能力)
- Two men tried to (不能用 tried and) break into my house. (兩名男子試圖闖入我家)