我們可以在一些動詞的後面使用 so 來避免重複受詞子句,尤其是在簡答。這些動詞中最常用的是 appear, assume, be afraid, believe, expect, guess, hope, imagine, presume, reckon, seem, suppose 和 think。例如:
- Denise thinks iPhone 7 is too expensive, and Diana thinks so too. (丹妮絲認為 iPhone 7 太貴,而戴安娜也認為是這樣) - 原句為 … and Diana thinks iPhone 7 is expensive.。
- A: Do I have to finish writing my composition by Saturday? (A:我一定要在週六之前寫好我的作文嗎?)
B: I’m afraid so. (B:恐怕是的) - 原句為 I’m afraid you have to finish writing your composition ….。 - A: D’you think Mary will get married to you someday? (A:你認為瑪麗將來有一天會嫁給你嗎?)
B: I hope so. (B:希望如此) - 原句為 I hope Mary will get married to me someday.。 - A: He must have missed the train. (A:他必定是沒趕上這班火車)
B: Yes, I suppose so. (B:是的,我猜想是這樣) - 原句為 I suppose he must have missed the train.。
我們可以在 be afraid, guess, hope 和 suppose 的後面使用 not 來避免重複否定的受詞子句。例如:
- A: Did you pass your exam? (你考試過關了嗎?)
B: I’m afraid not. (B:恐怕沒有) - 原句為 I’m afraid I didn’t pass my exam.。 - A: Will you be coming tomorrow? (A:你明天會來嗎?)
B: I guess not. (B:我想不會) - 原句為 I guess I won’t be coming tomorrow.。 - Gordon thinks he might fail in physics, but he hopes not. (戈登認為他的物理可能不及格,但他希望不會)
對於 believe, expect 和 think,我們通常使用「助動詞 do + not + 主動詞 + so」的句型。例如:
- A: Did Barbara go to church on Sunday? (A:芭芭拉星期日有上教堂做禮拜嗎?)
B: I don’t believe so. (B:我想沒有) - A: Will you be late? (A:你會遲到嗎?)
B: I don’t expect so. (B:我想不會) - A: Do you think Mr. Chen is a good guy? (A:你認為陳先生是個好人嗎?)
B: I don’t think so. (B:我認為不是)
雖然在古典文學及非常正式的情況中,我們會見到 believe not, expect not 和 think not 的用法,但在日常生活使用的現代英語中,它們並不常見。例如:
- A: May I go to the movies? (A:我可以去看電影嗎?)
B: No, I think not. (B:不,我看不行)
必須注意的是,不可將 so 與受詞子句連用。例如:
- A: Will Teresa be coming Wednesday? (A:泰瑞莎星期三會來嗎?)
B: I don’t think so. (B:我認為不會) (正)
B: I don’t think so Teresa will be coming Wednesday. (誤)
在簡答中,我們不可把 so 漏掉而只說 I think 或 I don’t think。例如:
- A: Do you think Miranda is a pretty woman? (A:你認為米蘭達是個美女嗎?)
B: Yes, I think so. (B:是的,我認為是) (正)
B: Yes, I think. (誤)
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