使用 either 時常見的錯誤

Either 可當限定詞、代名詞、副詞或連接詞用。這個字其實有兩種發音,國內大多教美式發音 /ˈi:ðə(r)/,但英式英語亦發成 /ˈaɪðə(r)/。

Either 用作限定詞、位在名詞之前時意為「兩者之中任何一個的;兩者的」。在此用法中,either 後面的名詞必須是單數可數名詞 (雖然 either + 單數可數名詞可用 both + 複數可數名詞來替代,但 both 只能用在肯定句)。例如:

  • I don’t like either color. (這兩種顏色 [中任何一種] 我都不喜歡) (正)
    I don’t like either colors. (誤)
    I don’t like both colors. (誤)
  • John studied chemistry and physics, but he had little interest in either subject. (約翰唸的是化學和物理,但他對這兩門學科都沒什麼興趣) (正)
    John studied chemistry and physics, but he had little interest in either subjects. (誤)
    John studied chemistry and physics, but he had little interest in both subjects. (誤) - little 為否定詞。
  • Either candidate would be ideal for the job. (這兩個人中的任何一個都是做這項工作的理想人選) (正)
    Either candidates would be ideal for the job. (誤)
    Both candidates would be ideal for the job. (正)
  • There are three cars on either side of the river. (河的兩邊各有三輛汽車 - 總共有六輛車子) (正)
    = There are three cars on each side of the river. (正)
    = There are three cars on both sides of the river. (正)


Either 用作代名詞時意為「兩者之中任何一個」。例如:

  • A: What color footbeds/insoles do you want, gray or brown? (A:你想要哪種顏色的鞋墊,灰色還是棕色?)
    B: Either. It doesn’t matter. (B:任何一種都可以。無所謂)
  • John: Do you prefer beef or pork? (約翰:你喜歡吃牛肉還是豬肉呢?)
    Jack: I don’t like either. (傑克:任何一樣我都不喜歡)

在 the、these、those 及所有格 + 複數名詞的前面須使用 either of,其中 of 不可省略。例如:

  • I don’t agree with either of my parents on these issues. (在這些問題上,我父母親的意見我都不同意) (正)
    I don’t agree with either my parents on these issues. (誤)
  • Either of the students can do this part-time job. (這兩個學生中的任何一個都可以做這項兼職工作) (正)
    Either the students can do this part-time job. (誤)

Either 用作副詞時意為「(用於否定句) 也」。例如:

  • There’s no answer to that question either. (那個問題也沒有答案)
  • I don’t eat mutton and my wife doesn’t either. (我不吃羊肉,我太太也不吃)
  • If Amy doesn’t go, I won’t either. (如果艾美不去,我也不去)

Either 用作連接詞時通常與 or 連用來連接兩個字、片語或子句,意為「(兩種可能性的選擇) 要麽…要麽,不是…就是,或者…或者」。必須注意的是,與 “both … and …”、”neither … nor …”、”not only … but also …” 等一樣,”either … or …” 也是一種相關字組 (correlative),亦即與其兩個元素連用的詞類和結構必須平行對稱、對仗工整。例如:

  • Her leggings are either red or yellow. (她的緊身褲不是紅色就是黃色) - 連接兩個形容詞。
  • Mary’s going on a business trip to Japan either today or tomorrow. (瑪麗不是今天就是明天去日本出差) - 連接兩個副詞。
  • You can stay either with me or at/in a hotel. (你可以住我這裡或者住飯店) - 連接兩個介系詞片語。
  • Either you leave now or I call the police! (要麼你現在離開,要麼我就報警!) - 連接兩個子句。
  • We can either eat now or after the concert. (我們可以現在吃飯,也可以在演唱會後吃) (誤)
    We can eat either now or after the concert. (正) - Either 和 or 必須平行對稱,連接相同詞類 (在此為副詞)。
    We can either eat now or eat after the concert. (正) - Either 和 or 必須平行對稱,連接相同詞類 (在此為動詞)。
  • Either you or your father can make a large donation in your mother’s name. (你或是你父親可以用你母親的名義做大筆捐款) (正) - Either 和 or 必須平行對稱,連接相同詞類 (在此為代名詞和名詞,屬於名詞類)。
  • Either you can get there by train or by bus. (你可以搭火車或坐巴士去那裡) (誤)
    Either you can get there by train or you can take the bus. (正) - Either 和 or 必須平行對稱、對仗工整,連接子句結構。
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2 Comments

  1. Hi 老師好
    我有點疑問的是
    你這邊解釋
    Either 用作限定詞、位在名詞之前時意為「兩者之中任何一個的;兩者的」。在此用法中,either 後面的名詞必須是單數可數名詞
    你這邊舉的例句
    Either candidate would be ideal for the job. 這兩個人中的任何一個都是做這項工作的理想人選 (正)
    我也瞭解是單數candidate 而不是candidates

    但是我看到下面的
    當either用作代名詞的時候 的一個例句
    Either of the students can do this part-time job. 這兩個學生中的任何一個都可以做這項兼職工作
    這邊是用students 而不是student

    請問
    1用students 而不是student 是因為either 所代表的詞性不同的關係嗎
    2 如果我寫 either student can do this part-time job 也是正確嗎 同理 假設我換成 either of the candidates would be ideal for the job 可以嗎

    謝謝你

    • Either candidate would be ideal for the job.
      = Either of the candidates would be ideal for the job.
      Either of the students can do this part-time job.
      = Either student can do this part-time job.

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