Hope 可當動詞和名詞用,是個大家所熟知的字。然而,並非每個人都完全掌握它的正確用法。一個這麼常用的字,如果文法用錯了,委實說不過去。以下就來說明與 hope 有關的幾個重要文法觀念。
Hope 當動詞時經常後接省略連接詞 that 的名詞子詞,而在名詞子句中,我們經常使用現在式來表示未來。例如:
- I hope my girlfriend comes today (我希望我女友今天來)
- We hope you pass your exam next week. (我們希望你下週通過考試)
- We hope the train is on time tomorrow. (我們希望明天火車準時)
- I hope that he will succeed. (我希望他會成功)
- I just hope you will help me. (我只希望你會幫助我)
Hope 不可用於否定句。例如:
- We hope it doesn’t rain. (我們希望不要下雨) (正)
- We don’t hope it rains. (我們不希望下雨) (誤)
- I hope you don’t waste your time and energy on trifles. (我希望你別把時間和精力浪費在瑣事上) (正)
- I don’t hope you waste your time and energy on trifles. (我不希望你把時間和精力浪費在瑣事上) (誤)
Hope 可用作可數名詞。例如:
- There is still a slim hope of success. (仍有一線成功的希望)
- Our team’s hopes of a championship are fading fast. (我們這一隊獲得冠軍的希望正在快速消逝)
Hope 亦可用作不可數名詞。但泛指時,hope 只能當不可數名詞用,其前不可有定冠詞 the。例如:
- These young people are full of hope for the future. (這些年輕人對前途充滿希望)
- You must never give up hope. (你一定不要絕望) (正)
- You must never give up the hope. (誤)