Bare 當形容詞時意為 1.「裸露的,露出的」,如 His grandfather often walks with bare feet. (他祖父經常赤腳走路);with one’s bare hands (赤手空拳地) 2.「(牆壁、表面等) 無遮蓋的,無裝飾的」,如 bare walls/light bulbs (沒有裝飾的牆壁/光禿禿的燈泡) 3.「(樹或土地) 光禿禿的,不長東西的」,如 the tree’s bare branches (光禿禿的樹枝);The barren landscape was bare of almost every sign of life. (那塊不毛之地幾乎毫無生命跡象) 3.「空的」(= empty),如 The room was bare. (這個房間空無一物);Panic buying has stripped the stores bare. (恐慌性搶購把商店的貨品一掃而空) 4.「基本的,僅有的」,如 bare facts (基本的事實);bare essentials/necessities (基本的生活必需品);a bare 2 % / 10 dollars (僅僅 2% / 區區 10 美元);The factory only had the bare minimum of equipment. (這座工廠只有最起碼的設備)。
Bare 亦可當動詞用,意為「裸露,露出」,過去式和過去分詞為 bared,如 John pulled the shirt up, baring his injuries. (約翰拉起襯衫,露出受傷的地方);The dog growled and bared its teeth. (這隻狗齜牙咧嘴,低聲吠叫);to bare one’s head (脫帽致敬);Mary bared her heart/soul to me last night. (瑪麗昨晚向我吐露心事/傾訴心聲)。
Bear 可當名詞和動詞用,但沒有形容詞用法。當名詞時,bear 有兩個主要意思,一為「熊」,另一為「看跌股市的人,空頭」- 與 bull (看漲股市的人,多頭) 相對,如 bear market (空頭市場;熊市) - 與 bull market (多頭市場;牛市) 相對。
Bear 的動詞用法有多個常用的意思,過去式和過去分詞分別為 bore 和 borne。這個動詞主要意為「忍受,經得起」、「帶有,具有」、「支撐,承載」、「承擔」、「生出,長出」、「心懷」等。就「忍受,經得起」的意思而言,bear 通常用於否定句或疑問句,其後可接動名詞和不定詞,如 I can’t bear to see food thrown away. (我無法忍受看見有人把食物扔掉);I can’t bear seeing them suffer. (我不忍心看到他們受苦);The consequences don’t bear thinking about. (後果不堪設想);My sister can’t bear the smell of paint. (我妹妹受不了油漆的氣味)。
Bear 其他主要動詞意思的例句如下:The incident bore all the hallmarks/signs/stamp of a terror attack. (這一事件帶有恐怖攻擊的所有特點);Her description bore a similarity to reality. (她的描述與事實相似) / Her description bore no relation to reality. (她的描述與事實不相符);The old floorboards could not bear the weight of these new articles of furniture. (舊地板無法承受這些新家具的重量);My wife bore me three sons. (我太太給我生了三個兒子);I hope you will never bear a grudge against me again. (我希望你別再對我懷恨在心/耿耿於懷)。
由於 bare 和 bear 拼字相近且同音,但意思卻毫不相干,所以在 bear down on (衝向;向…急速前進;走向;逼近)、bear out (證實)、bear up (經得起;頂住,撐得住) 等片語動詞以及 bear fruit (奏效;有成效;產生預期結果)、bear (sth.) in mind (記住 (某事物))、bring sth. to bear (on sb./sth.) (對 (某人或某物) 施加…)、grin and bear it (逆來順受)、bear the brunt of (首當其衝) 等常用片語和成語中,切勿馮京當馬涼、把 bear 寫成 bare,以免貽笑大方!